Abaalmarinta ugu wayn ee aluminiumka adduunka 2014
Soosaarka aluminium ee asaasiga ah ayaa gaaray 54 malyan oo metric tan 2014, taas oo ka dhigan sideed boqolkiiba kordhay sannadka 2013.
Tobankii adduunka ee ugu waawayn ee aluminiumka soo saara (soo saaraha) ayaa ka badan 27 milyan oo tan ama badh dhammaan wax soo saarka.
Intooda badani waxay ka yimaadeen Aasiya, taas oo ka soo baxday 36.6 milyan tan oo ah ama saddex meelood laba meel oo ah wax soo saar guud oo caalami ah.
Sannad kale oo ka mid ah wax soo saarka, mid kasta oo ka mid ah afartii adduun ee ugu waawayn soo saarey - UC Rusal, Chalco, Rio Tinto iyo Alcoa waxsoosaarka laga soo gooyay sannadkii 2013. Hase yeeshee, shirkadaha haray ee tobanka ugu sareeya waxay kor u qaadaan wax soo saarka sanad ka hor.
Qiimaha alaaska la iibsado ee London (LME) ee qiyaasta kaashka ah ayaa celcelis ahaan US $ 1,867 tiknikada 2014, waxoogaa kordhay sannadka 2013.
Liistada hoos ku qoran waxay ku saleysan tahay wax soo saarka rikoodhayaasha hoose sida lagu soo sheego warbixinnada sanadlaha ah ee shirkada ee sanadka 2014. Tirooyinka wax soo saarka - oo lagu muujiyay magaca shirkad kasta - waxay ku jiraan kumanaan metrik ton (kilotonnes ama kt).
01 UC Rusal (Ruushka) - 3,601kt
UC Rusal ee Ruushka ayaa ugu sarreeya liiska alaabooyinka ugu wayn ee aluminiumka adduunka ugu weyn sanad kale.
Inkastoo todoba boqolkiiba hoos loo dhigay wax soo saarka sababtoo ah barnaamijka xannibista awoodda, ayaa shirkaddu soo saartay in ka badan 3.6 milyan oo ton ama ku dhowaad 6.7 boqolkiiba soo saarka caalamiga ah, sannadka 2014.
Shirkadda ayaa hadda ka shaqaysa 14 dalxiis oo aluminium ah saddex dal. Laba iyo toban ayaa ku yaala Ruushka, mid kastoo ka mid ah Sweden iyo Nigeria. Hantida asaasiga ah ee Rusal waxay ku taallaa Siberia, taas oo ka dhigan 95 boqolkiiba soosaarka aluminium ee shirkada ee 2014.
Website: www.rusal.ru/en
02 Aluminum Corp. ee Shiinaha (Shiinaha) - 3,380kt
Shirkadda Alumuniyinta ee Shiinaha (Chalco) ayaa weli ah soo saaraha ugu wayn ee aluumiji ee China sannadka 2014. Inkasta oo wax soo saarka uu gaadhay ku dhowaad 3.4 milyan oo tan, tanina waxay hoos u dhigtay in ka badan boqolkiiba toban sannadkii 2013.
Chalco waxay shaqaaleysiisaa in ka badan 100,000 oo shaqaale ah waxaana sidoo kale ku shaqeynaya dib-u-eegidda bakooraha , alaabooyinka kaarboonka, gallium , iyo dhulka dhaadheer.
Shirkadda dowladdu leedahay waxay ku qoran tahay Shanghai, Hong Kong iyo New York Stock Exchange.
Qalabka aluminium ee asaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah shirkadda Shandong Aluminium, Shirkadda Alwaajiga ee Pingguo, Shanxi Aluminium iyo Lanzhou Aluminium.
Website: www.chalco.com.cn
03 Rio Tinto (Australia) - 3,361kt
Rio Tinto oo ah shirkada macdanta ah ee Australiya ayaa ku jirta kaalinta sadexaad ee adduunka ugu weyn ee aluminium laga soo bilaabo 2013 inkastoo 5% hoos loo dhigay wax soo saarka.
Waxyaabaha hoos u dhaca ah ee la soo saaray ayaa ahaa qiime dhimis qiimo iyo hagaajin wax soo saarka, taas oo keentay in kooxda Rio Tinto ee aluminijiyadeed ay soo gudbiso boqolkiiba 124 korodhka mushaharka 2014.
Shirkadaha aluminium ee asaasiga ah waxay ku yaallaan Canada (8 smelters), Cameroon, Faransiiska, Iceland, Norway, iyo Bariga Dhexe.
Waxyaabaha qiimaha lagu daray waxay ku jiraan 62 boqolkiiba biraha asaasiga ah ee la soo saaray 2014.
Website: www.riotinto.com
04 Shiinaha Hongqiao Group Ltd. (Shiinaha) - 3,158kt
Shirkadda China Hongqiao, oo markii ugu horraysay soo bandhigtay liiska tobanka shirkadood ee ugu waawayn aluminium ee sannadka 2010, ayaa sii waday inay kor u kacdo liiska sannadkan 2014.
Shirkadda Alcoa waxay ka soo degtay ka dib markii ay sii kordhaysay wax soo saarka 700,000 metrik ton (qiyaastii boqolkiiba 30 koror) laga bilaabo 2013.
Kororka soo korodhay ayaa waxaa soo jiitay awooda ballaarinta iyo iibsiga, kuwaas oo bixiyay China Hongqiao oo leh awoodda ugu weyn ee aluminium ee Shiinaha.
Shirkada ugu weyn ee aluminum ee China ayaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1994-kii waxaana ay xarunteedu tahay Zouping, Shandong. China Hongqiao Group Limited waa shirkad hoos timaada China Hongqiao Holdings Limited.
Website: www.hongqiaochina.com
05 Alcoa (USA) - 3,125kt
Shirkadda Aluminium ee Maraykanka (Alcoa Inc), oo ah soo saaraha ugu weyn ee aluumiji ee Maraykanku, ayaa sii waday in ay yareeyaan awooda sanadka 2014 iyada oo diiradda saartay horumarinta iyo iibinta alaabooyinka qiimaha lagu daray.
Tirada guud ee aluminiumka ayaa hoos udhacay 10 boqolkiiba sannadkii 2013 ilaa 3.125 milyan oo ton oo tikidh ah ka dib markii la joojiyay laba shucaac oo ku yaala Brazil iyo xidhitaankii joogtada ahaa ee Portovesme ee talyaaniga.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iibinta alumiinka qiimaha lagu daray ayaa u oggolaanaya shirkadda inay soo sheegtey celcelis ahaan qiimaha US $ 2,405 mitir mitir sannadka 2014, boqolkiiba toddobo kor u kaca sannadkii hore.
Lagu abuuray Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1888, Alcoa wuxuu hadda ka shaqeeyaa 31 wadan oo adduunka ah.
Waxyaabaha muhiimka ah aluminium waxaa ka mid ah Fjardaál smelter (Iceland), Alcoa World Alumina iyo Kiimikooyinka (Australia), Baie-Comeau iyo Becancour (Kanada), iyo sidoo kale San Cibrao nacnac (Spain) oo wax ku dhuftay Newburgh (Indiana), Ferndale (Washington), iyo Rockdale (Texas).
Website: www.alcoa.com/
06 Shirkadda Power Power Corp (Shiinaha) - 2,669kt
China Power Investment Corporation (CPI) hantida aluminum waxa ay kordhay wax soo saarka ka dib markii ay dhaceen 2013.
Wax soo saarka aluminium ee asaasiga ah wuxuu gaarayaa 2.7 milyan oo ton, taasoo ka dhigan koror boqolkiiba 10 ah sanad ka hor.
CPI, Shiinaha labaad ee ugu wayn ee aluminiumka ee dawladdu leedahay - iyo saddexaad ee ugu weyn dalka - waa koox maalgashi oo dhamaystiran oo haysata hantida korontada, dhuxusha, aluminium, tareenada, iyo dekadaha.
Shirkadda waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 2002. Qalabka aluminium ee ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah Ningxia Qingtongxia Energy iyo Aluminium iyo CPI Aluminum International Trading Co. Ltd.
Website: http://eng.cpicorp.com.cn/
07 EGA Dubal iyo Emal - 2,341kt
Emirates Global Aluminium (EGA) waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 2013 iyadoo la isku darayo Dubai Aluminium ("DUBAL") iyo Emirates Aluminium ("EMAL").
Iyadoo la isugeynayo wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarka ee 2.4 milyan tan oo sanadkiiba, shirkaddu waxay si siman u leedahay shirkadda Mubadala Development ee Abu Dhabi iyo Maalgashiga Maalgashiga Dubai.
Alaaska aluminium ee EGA waxaa ka mid ah Jebel Ali nacayb iyo saliida, iyo sidoo kale El Taweela oo dharka - oo ah midka ugu weyn dunida ee hal-abuurka aluminiumka ugu weyn.
Website: www.ega.ae
08 Shandong Xinfa Aluminum iyo Electricity Group Ltd. (Shiinaha) - 2,306kt
Shandong Xinfa Aluminum Group Co. Ltd. waa shiinaha labaad ee ugu wayn aluumiji gaar ah.
Ka dib markii ay kor u kacday boqolkiiba 20 keli sannadkii 2013, shirkaddu waxay mar labaad soo saartaa waxsoosaarka sanadka 2014 - waqtigaan ilaa boqolkiiba toban - in ka badan 2.3 milyan oo tan.
La aasaasay 1972-dii oo xarunteedu tahay Gobolka Shandong ee bariga Shiinaha, shirkadu waxay leedahay in kabadan 50 shirkadood oo koronto ku shaqeeya, alumina iyo aluminiuminta, waxsoosaarka carbon iyo wax soo saarka aluminium ee hooseeya.
Shandong Xinfa hantida aluminiinta ugu weyn waxaa ka mid ah Chiping Huaxin Aluminium Industry Co. Ltd., Shandong Xinfa Hope Aluminum Co. Ltd. (East Hope Group) iyo Guangxi Xinfa Aluminum Co. Ltd.
Website: www.xinfagroup.com.cn
09 Norsk Hydro ASA (Norway) - 1,958kt
Ka warbixinta boqolkiiba hal korodhka wax soo saarka ee sannadka 2013, soosaarka aluminium ee Norsk Hydro ayaa gaadhay qiyaastii 1.96 milyan oo tan 2014.
Shirkadda Norwegian waa soo saaraha aluminiinka oo dhamaystiran, oo leh hawlo ay ka mid yihiin miinoyinka bauxite, alumina lagu nadiifiyo, waxsoosaarka biraha ee aasaasiga ah, iyo waliba qalabka lagu daro.
Norsk shaqaaleysiisay 13,000 oo qof oo 50 ah oo ka shaqeeya 50 waddan waana shaqaalihii labaad ee shirkadda korontada ee Norwey.
Shirkadaha waaweyn ee aluminiumka ah waxaa ka mid ah Sunndal (Norway), Ardal (Norway), Alouette (Canada), 51% saamiga Albras (Brazil) iyo 50% saamiga Qatalum (Qatar).
Website: www.hydro.com
10 East Hope Group (Shiinaha) - 1,395kt
East Hope Group waa mid kale oo ka mid ah soo saarayaasha aluminium ee si dhaqso leh u koraya ee Shiinaha.
Shirkadda ayaa soo saartay 1,24 milyan tan oo sannadka 2013 ah ilaa 1.4 milyan oo tan oo sannadka 2014 ah.
La aasaasay sannadkii 2003 oo ku salaysan Sanmenxia, Henan, East Hope Aluminium Co. Ltd. waa qayb ka mid ah shirkadda East Hope Group Company Ltd.
Shirkadaha waaweyn ee aluminiumku waxay ku yaalaan Henan, Inner Mongolia, iyo Xinjiang. East Hope Aluminium ayaa la xaqiijiyay goor dambe oo sanadka ah oo wali rajeynaya in la keeno waji hal ah oo ah 800,000 oo ton oo aluminium ah sannadkii 2015.
Shirkadda shirkadda: www.easthope.cn
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