Baro wax ku saabsan bioavailability, ama heerka qiimaha daawada loo qaato
Bioavailability waa qalab lagama maarmaanka ah maadaama ay go'aamiso qiyaasta saxda ah ee maamulka aan dawada lahayn ee daroogada. Daraasadaha baaritaanka kiliinikada , bioavailability of drug waa arrin muhiim ah oo lagu qiyaaso Wajiga 1aad iyo Wajiyada 2aad.
Go'aaminta bioavailability of a drug is made by research pharmacokinetic . Diirada mukhaadaraadka ee plasma ayaa la qorsheeyay waqtigii loo baahnaa iyo tallaabooyin taxadar leh waqtiga iyo ka dib markii la maamulo xididada aan duubneyn iyo kuwa aan ku habooneyn. Codsiyada aan ku habooneyn ee daloosha waxaa ka mid ah afka, malawadka, transdermal, subcutaneous iyo sublingual.
Qiyaasta bioavailability waxaa matala warqadda f ama F haddii lagu muujiyo boqolkiiba. Bioavailability qaraabo waa cabir loo adeegsado qiimeynta sinaanta (BI) inta u dhexeysa alaabada daawooyinka.
Si loo helo ogolaanshaha FDA ee daroogada caamka ah, kafaala-bixiyaha daroogada waa inuu muujiyaa mudada kalsoonida 90% ee alaabteeda oo ah daroogada sumadda leh.
Bioavailability waa mid ka mid ah qalabka lagama maarmaanka u ah horumarinta daawooyinka maandooriyaha maadaama bioavailability ay tahay in la tixgeliyo marka la xisaabinayo qiyaasaha dariiqooyinka aan ku haboonayn ee ku salaysan nuugista.
Boqolkiiba daroogada oo ka soo jiidata waa cabbir ka mid ah awooda wax qabad ee daroogada si loo daaweeyo daawada goobta bartilmaameedka.
"Qaddarka" waxaa si caadi ah loo qiyaasaa mid ka mid ah laba shuruudood, goobahaas oo hoos yimaada xarriiqa xajinta maskaxda (AUC) ama tirada guud ee (daroogada) ee daroogada ka soo baxday kaadida ka dib markii la maamulo daroogada, "sida laga soo xigtay Jaamacadda Boston Daawada. "Xidhiidh qumman ayaa u dhexeeya" aagga hoos maro "iyo qiyaasta marka jajabinta daawada ay ka madax banaan tahay qiyaasta, iyo tirtiridda heerka (nus nus) iyo mugga qaybinta ayaa ka madax banaan dose iyo foomka qiyaasta.
Baaxadda xiriirka ka dhexeeya aagga ka hooseeya xuubka iyo xaddiga ayaa dhici kara haddii, tusaale ahaan, qaabsocodka nuugista uu yahay mid la filan karo, ama haddii daroogadu ay ku guuldareysato inay gaarto wareegga nidaamka sababtoo ah tusaale ahaan, xaddidaadda daawada xiidmaha ama biotransformation ee beerka inta lagu guda jiro daroogada ugu horreysa ee daroogada loo marayo nidaamka portal. "
Cilaaqaadka Saameynaya Bioavailability
Marka ay maamusho waddo aan kudhisan ahayn, bioavailability of drug daroogo ayuu qofku u kala duwan yahay. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay saameyn ku yeelato sheybaarka jirka iyo waxyaabo kale oo ay ku jiraan haddii daroogada la qaato daawooyin kale ama ay la socoto ama aan laheyn cunto, iyo jiritaanka jirro saameynaya habka caloosha ama shaqada beerka.
Waxyaabaha kale ee saameynaya bioavailability daroogada ayaa ah sifooyinka jirka, daawada daroogada, sida sii-deynta fidinta ama sii-deynta si deg-deg ah, qiyaasta shakhsi ahaaneed, isdhexgalka mukhadaraadka, isdhexgalka cuntada, heerka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka (saamaynta enzyme induction ama in la joojiyo daawooyinka kale iyo cuntooyinka ), caafimaadka ee mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, da'da bukaanka, iyo marxaladda cudurka.
Marka daroogada loo isticmaalo xididada, waxay leedahay bioavailability 100 boqolkiiba (F
Haddii daroogada laga qaato hadal ahaan, si deg-deg ah ayuu u gaari karaa caloosha, kala-gooyaa, qaar ka mid ahna waxaa ku jira mindhicirka yar.
Laga soo bilaabo mindhicirka yar, waxay u safreysaa bogga cagaarshowga ilaa inta ay gaarto wareegga wareegga. Qaar ka mid ah qodobada laga yaabo inay ka hortagaan daroogada in ay gaaraan wareegga wareegga ayaa ah sifooyinka daroogada iyo bukaanka bukaanka.
Daroogada sida benzyl penicillin uma adkeysan karto caloosha pH ee hooseeya taas oo burburisa. Enzymes dheefshiidka ayaa burburin kara insulin iyo heparin.
Maandooriyeyaasha aadka loo yaqaan 'hydrophobic' waxaa laga yaabaa in aan si fudud loo nuugin sababtoo ah waxay yihiin kuwo laysku halleyn karo dheecaannada jidhka, halka daroogada aadka loo yaqaan 'hydrophilic drugs' - kuwaas oo heysta soo jiidashada dareeraha - ma dhaafi karaan xuubabka unugyada lipid-rich.