Dow Jones Dhibcaha: Indices, Origins

Siraha saddexda astaamood ee Dowlada

Isbeddelada Dow Jones ayaa ah suuqyada saamiyada suuqyada oo matalaya dhaqaalaha Maraykanka ee saddexda qaybood: warshadaha, gaadiidka iyo adeegyada. Maamulayaashu waxay doortaan kaydka shirkadaha ay dareemayaan inay ugu fiican yihiin dhammaan shirkadaha ku jira saddexda qaybood. Asal ahaan, celceliska celceliska waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo lagu darayo sicirrada saamiyada ee dhammaan shirkadaha ku jira index kasta, iyo u qaybinta tirada shirkadaha. Waxaa jira isbeddelo gaar ah oo lagu xisaabtamayo kala qaybinta saamiyada iyo tixgelinnada gaarka ah ee kale.

Nasiib daro, Dhibaatooyinka Dowda Dowladdu kuma xisaabtamayaan tirada saamiyada ku jira . Shirkad leh $ 200 saamiga saamiga ayaa saameyn weyn ku yeelan doonta Dowda marka loo eego shirkad leh saamiyo badan, laakiin kaliya qiimaha $ 10. Sababtan awgeed, maalgashado badan waxay raacaan S & P 500 halkii. Si kastaba ha noqotee, labadaba indhawaaladu waxay u muuqdaan kuwo aad u sarreeya, taas oo macneheedu yahay in ay wada socdaan.

Sanadkii 2012, Dow Indices waxaa iibsaday shirkad wadaag ah oo ah wargeyska Corp. (milkiilaha Dow Jones iyo Wargayska Wall Street), CME Group iyo McGraw Hill Financial. Shirkadda cusub waxaa loo yaqaan 'S & P Dow Jones Indices LLC', oo hoos yimaada shirkadaha McGraw-Hill. Waxa kale oo leh lahaansho S & P 500, index of Case / Shiller, index index volatility, iyo boqolaal kun oo indices kale oo qiyaasaya ku dhawaad ​​hanti kasta oo hantida aad ka fekereyso. (Waxaa laga soo xigtey: S & P Dow Jones Indices)

Indhasho Indones

Waxaa jira saddex indices, kuwaas oo cabbiraya saddex warshadood oo kala duwan. Calaamadahaasi waa:

1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average ™ (DJIA), taas oo la socota qiimaha saamiga ah ee 30 shirkadood oo sida ugu fiican u matalaya shaqooyinkooda. Suuq-geynta suuqa kaydka ah ee kaydkaasi wuxuu ku dhawaad ​​afar meelood meel ahaan suuqyada Maraykanka. Waa tusaha ugu qiimaha badan suuqa adduunka. Saddexda shirkadood ee ku jira waxaa ka mid ah: 3M, American Express, Apple, Boeing, Caterpillar, Chevron, Cisco, Coca Cola, DuPont, Exxon, GE, Goldman Sachs, Depot Home, Intel, IBM, Johnson & Johnson, JP Morgan Chase, McDonald's , Merck, Microsoft, NIKE, Pfizer, Baabuurta & Gamble, Safarka, United Technologies, UnitedHealth, Verizon, Visa, Wal-Mart iyo Disney.

1. Dakhliga Dowlda Dow Jones ah, kaas oo raadinaya 15 keyd shidaal. Maadaama shirkadaha korontada ay yihiin kuwa amaahda waaweyn, faa'iidooyinkooda waxaa lagu horumariyey dulsaar yar. Sidaa daraadeed, Qiimaha Korontada ayaa hoos u dhacaya marka maalgashadayaashu ay filanayaan kororka dulsaarka dulsaarka, taas oo muujinaysa tilmaamihii hore .
2. Gaadiidka Dow-Jones ee Gaadiidka, oo raadinaya shirkado dayuuradaha, gaadiidka iyo maraakiibta maraakiibta. Waa calaamad muujinaysa , taas oo macnaheedu yahay in la isticmaali karo si loo xaqiijiyo isbeddellada ay gashay Dowlada Jarmalka ee Dowlada. Tani waa sababta oo ah shirkadaha gaadiidka waxay kaliya ka dhigi karaan faa'idadoodii kadib markii badeecada la soo saaro oo ay diyaar u tahay inay markab u dirto. Haddii ay DJIA kordhiso, laakiin celceliska Gaadiidku ma aha, markaa taasi waxaa laga yaabaa in macnaheedu yahay in baahida loo qabo iibka alaabta shirkadahaas, oo aan la soo dirin.

Asalka asalka ah ee Daar Jones

Abuuraha dakhliga Dow Jones waa Charles Dow, tifaftiraha Wall Street Journal iyo aasaasihii Dow Jones iyo Shirkadda. Febraayo 16, 1885, wuxuu bilaabay inuu soo saaro liiska laba iyo toban kayd. Waxaa jiray laba shirkadood oo warshadaha iyo toban jidka tareenada. Sanadkii 1889, wuxuu balaariyay siddeed shirkado warshadaha. Liiskani wuxuu noqday kadib markii uu noqday Isgoyska Dowlada ee Gaadiidka Gaadiidka, kaas oo ay ku jiraan maraakiibta iyo gaadiidka kale.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average ™ waxaa la abuuray May 26, 1896, waxayna ka kooban tahay shirkadaha ugu horreeya ee ganacsiga . Qiimaha uu ahaa 40.94, taas oo macnaheedu yahay qiimaha celceliska qiimaha labadii saamiyada ahaa $ 40.94.

Waa kuwan 12-ka xubnood ee ugu wayn ee DJIA, iyo waxa ku dhacay.

• Shirkadda Maraykanka ee Cotton Saliida ayaa qayb ka ah Cuntada ugu Fiican
• Sonkorta Maraykanka waxay u jeesteen Hoyga Amstar
• American Tubaako waxay jajabisay 1911 ficillada fara xumeynta
• Chicago Gas hadda waa qayb ka mid ah Tamarta Tamarta
• Cabbiridda & Quudinta Quudinta waxay u jeesteen Kiimikada Khatarta ah
• General Electric oo wali ku jira DJIA
• Laclede Gas waxay wali ku jirtaa ganacsi, laakiin waxay hoos uga dhacday Dowda 1899
• National Lead hadda NL Industries, laga saaro Dow ee 1916
• Waqooyiga Ameerika ayaa jabsaday 1940-kii
• Tennessee Coal & Iron ka iibsatay US Steel 1907
• American Leather Pfd. la kala direy 1952
• US Rubber oo hadda qayb ka ah Michelin

Dowladdu waxay xirtay 100 ka badan 100 bishii Janaayo 12, 1906. DJIA waxaa lagu kordhiyey 20 shirkadood 1916-kii, iyo 30 shirkadood oo 1928, waqtigii loogu talagalay Dhibaatadii 1929-kii .

Hoos-u-dhac

Dowladdu waxay xirtay 100-ka Janaayo 12, 1906. Thanks to Depression Great , Dow ma aysan gaarin halka ay ku taala 500 ilaa Maarso 12, 1956. Waxay 16 sano ku qaadatay Dowda in ay labalaabto 1,000 (Nofeembar 14, 1972 ), iyo 15 sano oo kale si mar labaad lab. Inkasta oo uu shilku dhacay 1987-kii, Dow ayaa labadii sano ee ugu dambeysey labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, oo gaarsiiyey 4,000 Febraayo 1995, Dowladdu waxay gaartay tiradii xigta ee 10,000, 29-kii Maarso, 1999-ka, ka hor intaan la dhicin 2001 . (Waxaa laga soo xigtey: Dhamaan)

Dowaddu waxay gaartay 14,164.43 bishii Oktoobar 9, 2007. Waxay hoos u dhigtay boqolkiiba 80 ilaa 6,594.44 Bishii Maarso 5, 2009. Looma soo celin miydeeda horudhaciddeeda illaa March 11, 2013, markii ay dhacday 14.254.38.

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