Dhammaan Bixinta Lacagta Bulshada, Soo-Celinta Guud, 1991-2013
| Sannad | Bonds-ka dowladda hoose | Barclays Agg. |
| 1991 | 12.14% | 16.00% |
| 1992 | 8.82% | 7.40% |
| 1993 | 12.28% | 9.75% |
| 1994 | -5.17% | -2.92% |
| 1995 | 17.46% | 18.46% |
| 1996 | 4.43% | 3.64% |
| 1997 | 9.19% | 9.64% |
| 1998 | 6.48% | 8.70% |
| 1999 | -2.06% | -0.82% |
| 2000 | 11.69% | 11.63% |
| 2001 | 5.13% | 8.43% |
| 2002 | 9.60% | 10.26% |
| 2003 | 5.31% | 4.10% |
| 2004 | 4.48% | 4.34% |
| 2005 | 3.51% | 2.43% |
| 2006 | 4.84% | 4.33% |
| 2007 | 3.36% | 6.97% |
| 2008 | -2.48% | 5.24% |
| 2009 | 12.91% | 5.93% |
| 2010 | 2.38% | 6.54% |
| 2011 | 10.70% | 7.84% |
| 2012 | 6.78% | 4.22% |
| 2013 | -2.55% | -2.02% |
Macluumaadka soo noqoshada ayaa kaa caawineysa sida loo sharxo sida laba arrimood - khatarta saamiga dulsaarka iyo khatarta deynta - inay door ka ciyaaraan waxqabadka degmada. (Baro wax badan oo ku saabsan khatarta ka iman karta canshuuraha dawladda hoose .)
Halista Kharashka Dakhliga Degmada
Marka la eego khatarta dulsaarka dulsaarku, waxay caddaynaysaa in degmooyinka guud ahaan la socdaan waxqabadka suuqa weyn. Saddexda sano ee kalandarka ah ee heerarka kor u kacay iyo Barclays Aggregate Index oo laga badiyay (1994, 1999, iyo 2013), degmooyinka ayaa sidoo kale ku dhameysatay soo celin diidmo ah.
Dhinaca kale dhinaca hoggaamiyeyaashu, Munis waxay soo celiyeen natiijo wanaagsan 19-kii sanno ee 20-kii sanno ee suuqa-saarku dhammaaday sannadkii hore.
Halista Amaahda Lacagta ee Degmada
Khatarta deynta ayaa sidoo kale kaalin ku leh dib u soo celinta canshuuraha degmada. Khatarta amaahdu waa khatarta ah in dammaanaddu ay iska dhaafsiiso (ku fashilanto in ay dulsaar bixiso ama bixiso lacag bixinta), waxayna ku daraysaa qodobo ballaadhan oo keenaya aragtida ugu horreysa ee isbedelka.
Tusaale ahaan, hoos u dhaca dhaqaale wuxuu sare u qaadayaa khatarta ah in la dhimo, oo lagu xisaabiyo canshuuraha kuwaas oo waxqabadka uu ku jiro khatarta khatarta deynta. Sababtoo ah dammaanadaha degmada waxaa bixiya noocyo badan oo soo saarayaasha ah - laga soo bilaabo dawladaha iyo magaalooyinka waaweyn magaalooyinka yaryar iyo shirkado gaar ah (sida duullimaadyadaha iyo bullaacadaha) - khatarta deynta waxay sidoo kale saameyn kartaa waxqabadka.
Tani waxay ka muuqan doontaa natiijooyinka la soo dhajiyay 2008, marka sicirku hoos u dhaco iyo suuqa dakhliga ay heleen 5%, laakiin dammaanadda degmada ayaa lumisay dhulka. Tani waxay ka tarjumeysaa sanad si aan loo eegin oo keliya dhimista iyo kordhinta khatarta maalgelinta maalgashadayaasha, laakiin sidoo kale burburka suuqa guryaha. Taasi waxay keenaysaa hoos u dhac ku yimaada dakhliga canshuuraha ee shirkadaha degmooyinka, in ay sii wataan walaac ku saabsan korodhka kor u kaca qiimaha caadiga ah .
Sidoo kale, degmooyinku waxay hoos u dhigeen sanadihii la soo dhaafay, khatarta cinwaanka: 1994 (Orange Country Bankruptcy), 2010 (Meredith Whitney ayaa saadaalisay "rukumo waayid ah") iyo 2013 (Dhibaatada Detroit, dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale ee Puerto Rico). Saameynta dhacdooyinkan ayaa sidoo kale ka caawinaya hoosta ka xariiqa xaqiiqda ah in ay jiraan wax badan oo ku saabsan waxqabadka dawladda hoose ee canshuuraha marka loo eego jihada dulsaarka dulsaarka.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dib u soo celinta canshuuraha degmada ayaa si caddaalad ah ugu dhowaa kuwa ka mid ah suuqyada maalgashiga-maalgashiga .
Laga soo bilaabo December 31, 2013, celcelis ahaan celceliska 10 sanno ee celceliska celiska guud ee Barclays Bond Bond Bond ayaa ahaa 4.29%, oo ku dhow 4.55% celinta wadarta Barclays. Maskaxda ku hay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma aha isbarbardhiga tufaaxa dhirta tan iyo markii dulsaarka canshuuraha degmadu ay tahay canshuur la'aan . Natiijadu, natiijada canshuur celinta kadib ee degmooyinka waxay dhab ahaantii ugu dhowdahay curaarta darajada maalgashiga marka loo eego marka la eego marka ugu horeysa ee muuqata.
Fikradda ugu dambeysa
Waxaa badanaa la sheegayaa in bonds ay bixiyaan canshuuraha khatarta hoose ee ku haboon maalgashadayaasha xagjirnimada iyo kuwa ku dhow ama horeba hawlgab. Laakiin miiska kor ku xusan, iyada oo 20% farqiga u dhexeeya celceliska ugu fiican ee sannadlaha ah iyo kuwa ugu xun, ayaa sidoo kale muujinaya in canshuuraha aan micnaheedu ahayn halis la'aan. Way yar yahiin kuwa kaydka ah (laga yaabee), laakiin waxay weli yihiin kuwo degen.
Iyo, sida kaydka, waxay ku xiran tahay weyn markaad bilowdo maalgelinta. Bond-celinta billowga horraantii 1980-yadu waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u sarreeya oo ay sabab u tahay kor u qaadista maal-gashiga maalgashiga madaxa bilawga ah ee maal-gashadayaasha maal-gashaday maahan inay mar uun la ciyaaraan. Sidoo kale, maalgashadayaasha dammaanadda oo bilaabay in ay maalgashadaan aagga dhaqaalaha ka dib markii bilaabay 2007 ayaa ku dhawaad toban sano oo aad u hooseeyso. Xitaa soo noqoshada ugu dambaysa ee dulsaarka dulsaarka badanaa lagama yaabo in ay ka dhigto bilawga bilowgan.