Sidee loo sameeyaa zinc?
Ku dhowaad dhammaan zinc oo maanta lagu nadiifiyey (in ka badan 95 boqolkiiba) ayaa laga soo saaraa sphalerite (ZnS), oo loo yaqaanno zinc blende.
Meelaha Sphalerite guud ahaan waxay ku jiraan inta u dhaxaysa 5 iyo 15% zinc. Si tan loo helo xaalad saafi ah oo loo isticmaali karo macaamiisha, biraha waa in la kala soocaa, oo la dhajiyaa oo lagu naqshadeeyo qaabka macdanta saafiga ah. Hase yeeshee geeddi-socodka hydro-murgular ama hababka pyro-metallurgical ayaa sidan samayn kara, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ka badan 90 boqolkiiba wax soo saarka hadda ayaa ka yimid dhirta hydrometallurgical.
Marka la daadiyo, waxaa la burburiyaa budada loo yaqaan "zinc powder" waxaana loo kala soocaa sunta rasaasta . Lead iyo biraha kale, sida lacagta, oo laga yaabo in ay ku jirto xayawaanka ku jira qadarka la soo celin karo waa la soo saarayaa oo si gooni ah loola dhaqmayaa.
Dufanka soo hadhay wuxuu ka kooban yahay inta u dhaxaysa 1 ilaa 15 boqolkiiba zinc, laakiin ku hay maqaar sarre sare (qiyaastii boqolkiiba 30) waa in laga saaro. Tani waxaa la samayn karaa iyadoo la kariyo mashiinka la jajabiyay heerkulku ka sarreeyo 1652 ° F (900 ° C), oo soo saaraya zinc oxide (ZnO) iyo sulfur dioxide.
Haddii farsamooyinka faytoolojiga lagu shaqeeyo, zinc oxide ayaa markaa ka soo baxaysa calcinka kale iyadoo la isticmaalayo sulfuric acid. Inkasta oo Zinc ay ku dhex daadato asiidhka, macdanta iyo lacagku waa mid aan la ogaan karin oo macdanta birta ku jirta.
Boodhka Zinc waxaa lagu daraa si loo caawiyo in loo nadiifiyo xalka iyada oo loo marayo geedi-socodka ka hor inta aan la saarin.
Isticmaalka macdanta macdanta ee macdanta iyo macdanta aluminiumka , xalalka qanjirada hodanka ah waxaa laga helaa elektirooni taas oo keenta zinc in la dhigo aluminium.
Tani waxay markaa ka baxaysaa, ka dhalaalaysaa oo waxay ku shubtaa suufka leh nadiifinta 99.95 illaa 99.995 boqolkiiba ama si toos ah loogu xoqay copper, aluminium ama magnesium .
Zinc Physical trader on the London Metal Exchange (LME) waa in ay la kulmaan qeexitaanka sintiska gaarka ah ee heer-sare ee Zinc 99.995 boqolkiiba.
Inkastoo farsamooyinka pyro-metallurgical ay wali ku shaqeeyaan tiro dhir ah, geeddi-socodku waa mid aad u qaali ah oo qaali ah.
The Imperial Smelting Corporation ayaa soo saaray farsamo intii lagu jiray 1940-meeyadii iyo 1950-yadii oo hoos u dhigtay birta jilicsan iyo birta ledhka iyadoo la adeegsanayo kaarboon ku jirta foosto khaas ah oo loogu talagalay.
Nidaamka, oo loo yaqaan 'Imperial Smelting process', waxa ku jira dabeysha iyo sunta sulfit, oo si dabiici ah u wada dhaca, si loo soo saaro oxides. Zinc iyo lead oxides ayaa markaa lagu soo oogaa foorno culus oo leh dhuxul dhagax.
Marka hawo kulul la galo foornada, mashiinka carbon monoxide iyo dioxide oo ay ku jiraan jinku wuxuu kor u qaadayaa mashiinka waxaana lagu qaboojiyaa kareemka xayiraadda. Zinc waxaa lagu naqshadeeyaa sunta rasaasta, taas oo markaa la qaboojiyey, oo u oggolaanaya in zinc ay ku daboolaan dusha sare.
Lakabka zinc waa la shubay oo la tuuraa halka sunta rasaasta loo soo celiyo kondenserka.
Sida laga soo xigtay Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Zinc, foornooyinka Imperming Smelting ayaa hadda ka shaqeeya Shiinaha, India, Japan, iyo Poland.
Ka sokow ka soo saarida zinc ee ka soo baxa (wax soo saarka asaasiga ah), biraha ayaa sidoo kale dib loo isticmaali karaa ilaha hadda jira (waxsoosaarka labaad). Qiyaastii rubuc rubuc oo dhan oo zinc ah oo hadda la wada baabbi'iyey ayaa hadda ka timaada ilaha labaad.
Foornooyinka korontada, ee loo isticmaalo geedi socodka iyo birta dib u warshadaynta, waxay sidoo kale soo qaadan kartaa zinc oo ku yaala birta la galiyay.
Sida foornada Imperial ee foornada, heerkulka sare ee foornada korontada waxay uumi saartaa Zinc, taas oo keenaysa inay kor u qaado gaasaska la ururin karo. Kordhinta qashinka loo yaqaan "Waelz kiln" wuxuu soo saaraa zinc oxide oo markaa dib loogu celin karo qalabka wax soo saarka.
Soosaarka miino ee adduunka ee dunida ayaa ahaa qiyaastii 13.7 milyan tan oo sannadkii 2013, halka wax soo saarka birta ee saliidda lagu nadiifiyey ay ku dhawaad 13.0 milyan tan oo isla mudadaasi ah. Qiyaastii 3 milyan oo tan, ama wax ka yar afar meelood meel ka mid ah soosaarka caalamiga ah, ayaa ka yimid ilo dib loo rogay.
Wadankan, soo saaraha ugu wayn ee zinc-ka laga dhigo waa Shiinaha, taas oo qiyaastii boqolkiiba 40 ka mid ah wax-soo-saarka caalamiga ah, ka dib Europe iyo Korea.
Shirkad ahaan, soo-saarayaasha ugu weyn ee zinc-ka la safeeyey waa Nyrstar, Glencore iyo Zinc Korea.
Ilaha ugu badan ee zinc waa laga helaa China, Australia iyo Peru.
Ilaha:
Kooxda Hogaaminaya ee Caalamiga ah & Kooxda Zinc. Dib u eegista isbeddellada sanadka 2013: Zinc . Febraayo 17, 2014.
Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Zinc. Dib-u-Celinta Qalabaynta Zinc: Material Supply . 2011.
URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20140802220949/http://www.zinc.org/basics/zinc_recycling
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