Cashuurta Dakhliga Shirkadeed, Taariikhdeeda iyo Qiyaasta Waxtarka

Sida Loo-shaqeeyaha Canshuurtu Isaga Bedelo Canshuuraha Shirkadaha

Canshuuraha dakhliga ee shirkadaha waxaa maamula dawladda dhexe ee federaalka iyo dawlad-goboleedyada faa'iidada ganacsiga. Shaki la'aan, shirkaduhu waxay isku dayaan inay isticmaalaan wax kasta oo ku jira canshuurta canshuurta si loo yareeyo kharashka canshuuraha loo bixiyo iyadoo la yareeyo dakhliga canshuuri karo.

Heerka Canshuurta Ku-meel-gaadhka ahi waa 18 Boqolkiiba

Qiyaasta canshuurta ee 2017 waxay ku dhowdahay boqolkiiba 40. Taas waxaa ka mid ah:

Laakiin shirkadaha dhab ahaan ma bixinayaan heerka canshuurta federaalka ee sare. Heerka wax ku oolku wuxuu kudhowaad yahay 18 boqolkiiba. Sannadka 2015, Waaxda Hantidhowrka waxay soo ururisay $ 390 bilyan. Taasi waa 18 boqolkiiba faa'iidada shirkadaha Maraykanka ee $ 2.1 trillion, sida ku cad jadwalka 1.12 ee Dakhliga Qaranka iyo Xisaabaadka.

Taasi waxay ku saabsan tahay kala badhka saamiga waxtarka ah ee dawladdu heshay sannadkii 2007, sannadkii ka horreeyay dhaqaalaha. Cashuuraha shirkaduhu waxay ahaayeen $ 395 bilyan oo faa'iido ah $ 1.5 trillion.

Sida shirkadaha looga hortago bixinta canshuuraha

Sidee shirkadaha iska ilaaliyaan bixinta cashuurta? Marka hore, ku dhawaad kala bar shirkadaha oo dhan waa shirkado " S" . Shirkaddan ka gudubta shirkaduhu ma bixiyaan cashuurta shirkadaha. Taa baddalkeeda, waxay ku gudbinayaan dakhliga shirkadaha, khasaarooyinka, jar-jaryada, iyo dhibcaha loo marayo saamileyda.

Kuwa saamileyda ah ayaa markaa lagu canshuurayaa faa'idooyinkaas ama khasaarooyinkooda canshuurta dakhliga.

Sababta labaad waxay tahay in shirkaduhu ay dib-u-maalgeliyaan faa'iidada ay dibadda ku soo galaan suuqa. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay doorbidaan inay keenaan guriga lacagta, laakiin waxay si ula kac ah uga fogaanayaan cashuurta Maraykanka. Dhab ahaantii way ka jaban yihiin iyaga oo deynsanaya dulsaaraadka hooseeya ee Mareykanka ah marka loo eego inay keenaan dakhliga guriga.

Taasi waxay dhalisay, shirkaduhu waa deyn culus oo ku yaal Maraykanka, iyo lacag caddaan ah oo ku tiirsan hawlaha dibada.

Sharciga Canshuurta Ganacsiga iyo Sharciga Shaqadu wuxuu raadinayaa inuu baddalo adigoo adeegsanaya nidaam "territorial". Shirkadaha ma sii dheeraan doonaan canshuuraha dibadda. Waxay sidoo kale u ogolaaneysaa shirkadaha in ay dib u celiyaan $ 2.6 trillion oo ay ku haystaan ​​kaydka lacagaha dibadda. Waxay bixinayaan kaliya hal canshuur celin ah oo ah 15.5 boqolkiiba lacagta iyo 8 boqolkiiba qalabka.

Shirkadaha qaarkood ma soo dhaweynayaan isbedelka. Waxay si aad ah ugu kalsoon yihiin in laga fogaado canshuurta Maraykanka in ay noqoto faa'iido tartan . Waxay lacag badan ku samayn karaan suuqyada Mareykanka marka loo eego tartamayaasha ajnabiga sababtoo ah aqoonta canshuurta canshuurta iyo sida loo helo.

Taariikhda Canshuuraha Shirkadaha

Ka hor inta aan la gaarin Xeerka Dakhliga ee 1894, canshuur ayaa laga qaadey mulkiilayaasha shakhsiyaadka, laakiin maaha kuwa iskaa wax u qabsada. Inkasta oo Sharciga lagu xukumay Dastuurka, waxaa lagu bedelay Sharciga Canshuur 1909, sanadka ugu horeeyay ee canshuurta shirkadaha la soo saaray.

Heerarka canshuurta ugu sarreeya ee hoos ku xusan waa qiimaha lagu bixiyo heerka dakhliga ugu sarreeya. Fadlan ogow in qeexitaanka dakhliga isbeddelayo, sidaas darteed maskaxda ku hay markaad isbarbardhigayso qiimaha.

Ilaa 1936, shirkadaha oo dhan waxay bixiyaan isla qiimaha, iyada oo aan loo eegin dakhliga.

Nidaamka hadda jira waa mid aad u horumarsan .

Sanadihii la baddalay Heerka Canshuurta Maxkamada Madaxweyne

Faallooyin

1909 1% Taft .
1916 2% Wilson
1917 6%
1918 12%
1919 10% WWI waxay bilowday.
1922 12.5% Harding Maaliyadda WWI
1925 13% Coolidge
1926 13.5%
1928 12%
1929 11% Hoover Canshuurta canshuurta ayaa laga jaray shil suuqa .
1930 12% Kordhinta canshuurta si loo joojiyo war-celinta ayaa niyad-jab ku ah niyad-jabka.
1932 13.8%
1936 15% FDR Hike ayaa dib u soo ceshaday niyadjab.
1938 19% Hike in aad maalgeliso WWII.
1940 24%
1941 31% Weerarkii Pearl Harbor wuxuu kiciyay khasaarooyin badan.
1942 40%
1950 38% Truman Iska yaree inaad la dagaallanto dhaqaalaha
1951 50.75% Hayn si aad u maal gashid Korean War .
1952 52% Eisenhower Xitaa majiraan, inkastoo 1953 iyo 1957 dibad-baxyo.
1964 50% LBJ Hirgelinta canshuurta JFK .
1965 48% Dhimista dhaqaalaha sare.
1968 52.8% Waxyaabaha loo yaqaan 'The Society' iyo 'Vietnam War'.
1970 49.2% Nixon Iska yaree inaad la dagaallanto dhaqaalaha
1971 48%
1979 46% Carter Iska yaree sicirka dulsaarka sare.
1987 40% Reagan Xeerka Dib-u-habaynta Canshuurta
1988 34% Iska yaree inaad la dagaallanto dhaqaalaha
1993 35% Clinton Xeerka Dib u Heshiisiinta Miisaaniyadda Omnibus .
2018 21% Trump Goynta ayaa geli doonta.

(Meelaha Miiska: " Qiimaha Canshuurta shirkadaha 1909-2002 ," IRS. "Qaybta Canshuurta Ganacsiga iyo Shaqooyinka," ProCon.org.)